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<\/p>\nThe amount of metal radio-active waste of low and average contamination accumulated in Russia exceeds 1 million tons.<\/p>\n
Due to\u00a0 the\u00a0 forthcoming closure\u00a0 and\u00a0 dismantling of\u00a0 outdated equipment of atomic\u00a0 power\u00a0 stations & nuclear\u00a0 fuel cycle enterprises, and the disposal of\u00a0 ships\u00a0 with nuclear\u00a0\u00a0 power\u00a0\u00a0 units,\u00a0\u00a0 accumulation\u00a0 of significant amount of\u00a0 metal\u00a0 radio-active waste is also expected in the future.<\/p>\n
Similar situation builds up in a number of industrially developed countries.<\/p>\n
Insignificant amount of metal radio-active waste in Russia and other countries is decontaminated by pyro metallurgical method in induction and electrical arc furnaces of low capacity.\u00a0 These smelting aggregates operate non-continuously and due to their design peculiarities, do not provide a sufficient purification of metal.\u00a0 Therefore,metal radio-active wastes are preliminary purified mechanically, hydraulically or otherwise, which is a reason for high cost and small amounts of their processing.<\/p>\n
The smelting unit MAGMA allows carrying on pyro metallurgical decontamination of metal radio-active waste continuously, at considerably lower costs of processing.<\/p>\n
The process of metal radio-active waste fed into the unit is carried on continuously. Before feeding to the unit, metal radio-active wastes are heated in a shaft heater to temperature 700-800\u00b0\u0421. This allows to decrease energy consumption and to increase production capacity of the unit.<\/p>\n
Metal radio-active wastes are smelted in a liquid metal bath under oxidizing conditions, which speeds up smelting, improves decontamination of metal radio-active waste and reduces dust formation.<\/p>\n
For assimilation\u00a0 of\u00a0 radio-nuclides oxidized\u00a0 and\u00a0 removed from\u00a0 the molten metal,\u00a0 a layer of oxidized slag of low basicity with temperature 1600-1650\u00b0C\u00a0 is formed and\u00a0 permanently maintained over\u00a0 the\u00a0 metal. Amount of slag is not high (2-3% of the metal weight).<\/p>\n
Decontaminated metal is non-continuously or continuously released to the ladle, to form ingots that are further used as charge in steel production.<\/p>\n
Slag contaminated with radio-nuclides is non-continuously released from\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 smelting\u00a0\u00a0 unit into containers for disposal of radio-active waste.<\/p>\n
The generated oxidized slag of low basicity does not fall to pieces with time and is an ideal substance for absorption and storage of radio-nuclides.<\/p>\n
The dust captured by the gas treatment system that contains radio-nuclides is transported by injectors to the molten slag,to assimilate with the slag.<\/p>\n
Production capacity of MAGMA for processed and decontaminated metal radio-active nuclide achieves 250,000 tons per year.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Comparative performance of radio-active metal waste disposal – <\/strong><\/p>\n natural gas, m3<\/p>\n oxygen, m3<\/p>\n electric power, kWh<\/td>\n <\/p>\n 100-120<\/p>\n 200-240<\/p>\n \u2014<\/td>\n <\/p>\n \u2014<\/p>\n \u2014<\/p>\n 600-800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Click here for all other applications of MAGMA<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n
\n Parameter<\/strong><\/td>\n MAGMA project<\/strong><\/td>\n Existing companies<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Decontamination<\/td>\n Pyro metallurgical<\/td>\n Mechanical, chemical, pyro metallurgical<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Contamination level of the metal radio-active waste being disposed<\/td>\n low, average<\/td>\n low, rare – average<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Smelting unit type<\/td>\n hermetically sealed, fuel-oxygen, skull body, cooling by a liquid-metal coolant<\/td>\n electrical induction and arc furnaces with refractory lining<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Type of operation<\/td>\n continuous<\/td>\n non-continuous<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Volume in terms of metal<\/td>\n up to 100 tons<\/td>\n mainly up to 5 tons<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Slag ratio<\/td>\n 0.02-0.03<\/td>\n 0.04-0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Production capacity, tpy<\/td>\n 50,000-250,000<\/td>\n 3,000-7,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Consumption for smelting of 1 ton of metal radio-active waste:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \n Secondary radio-active waste produced, relation to the weight of metal radio-active waste<\/td>\n slag 2-3%<\/td>\n slag 4-5%, refractories 2-5%, radio-active dust 1-2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Limitation in the use of decontaminated metal<\/td>\n 98-99% without limitations<\/td>\n 10-65% without limitations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Costs of disposal of 1 ton of metal radio-active waste<\/td>\n 1,000 Euro<\/td>\n 2,000-8,000 Euro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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